Data Wrangling and Data Transformation

Data Wrangling and Data Transformation

Order ID	53563633773
Type	Essay
Writer Level	Masters
Style	APA
Sources/References	4
Perfect Number of Pages to Order	5-10 Pages

Description/Paper Instructions

Data Wrangling and Data Transformation

Data wrangling and data transformation are critical steps in the data analysis process. They involve manipulating, cleaning, and reshaping raw data to make it suitable for further analysis. In this article, we will explore these concepts in detail, discussing their importance and common techniques.

Data Wrangling: Data wrangling refers to the process of cleaning and organizing raw data to ensure its quality, consistency, and suitability for analysis. It involves several steps, including data collection, data cleaning, and data integration.

1. Data Collection: The first step in data wrangling is collecting relevant data from various sources such as databases, spreadsheets, or APIs. This data can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured, and may come in different formats like CSV, JSON, or XML.
2. Data Cleaning: Raw data often contains errors, missing values, outliers, or inconsistencies. Data cleaning involves handling these issues to improve data quality. Common tasks include:

1. • Removing duplicate records: Identifying and removing identical data instances to avoid redundancy.
   • Handling missing values: Dealing with null or incomplete data by imputation (estimating missing values) or removal.
   • Handling outliers: Identifying extreme values that deviate significantly from the norm and deciding whether to remove or transform them.
   • Standardizing data formats: Ensuring consistency in data formats, units, and variables’ naming conventions.

1. Data Integration: Data may come from multiple sources, each with its own format and structure. Data integration involves combining and merging data sets to create a unified and coherent dataset. This process requires identifying common variables or keys to join the datasets accurately.

Data Transformation: Data transformation involves converting data from one format or structure to another, enabling better analysis, interpretation, and visualization. It focuses on reshaping and reorganizing the data to extract valuable insights. Common techniques for data transformation include:

1. Aggregation: Aggregating data involves summarizing information at a higher level of granularity. For example, converting daily sales data into monthly or yearly totals, or calculating averages, counts, or sums of specific variables.
2. Filtering: Filtering allows selecting a subset of data based on specific criteria. It helps in focusing on relevant data points and excluding unnecessary information. For example, filtering data to include only records from a specific time period or specific categories.
3. Reshaping: Reshaping data involves restructuring it from a wide format to a long format or vice versa. This transformation is useful when dealing with data that has multiple variables stored in separate columns or when preparing data for specific analysis techniques.
4. Encoding and Decoding: Encoding involves transforming categorical data into numeric form suitable for analysis. This process can include techniques like one-hot encoding, label encoding, or ordinal encoding. Decoding refers to converting encoded data back into its original form.
5. Feature Engineering: Feature engineering is the process of creating new features or variables from existing ones to enhance the predictive power of a machine learning model. This can involve mathematical operations, creating interaction terms, or extracting information from text or timestamps.
6. Normalization and Scaling: Normalizing data ensures that all variables are on a comparable scale. It is particularly important when using algorithms that are sensitive to the magnitude of variables. Techniques like z-score normalization or min-max scaling can be applied to achieve this.

In conclusion, data wrangling and data transformation are crucial steps in the data analysis workflow. They help ensure data quality, consistency, and suitability for analysis, enabling analysts to draw meaningful insights and make informed decisions. By collecting, cleaning, integrating, and transforming data, analysts can unlock the true value of raw data and drive impactful results in various domains.

Data Wrangling and Data Transformation

RUBRIC QUALITY OF RESPONSE NO RESPONSE POOR / UNSATISFACTORY SATISFACTORY GOOD EXCELLENT Content (worth a maximum of 50% of the total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 20 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates poor understanding of the relevant material by failing to address or incorrectly addressing the relevant content; failing to identify or inaccurately explaining/defining key concepts/ideas; ignoring or incorrectly explaining key points/claims and the reasoning behind them; and/or incorrectly or inappropriately using terminology; and elements of the response are lacking. 30 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates a rudimentary understanding of the relevant material by mentioning but not full explaining the relevant content; identifying some of the key concepts/ideas though failing to fully or accurately explain many of them; using terminology, though sometimes inaccurately or inappropriately; and/or incorporating some key claims/points but failing to explain the reasoning behind them or doing so inaccurately.  Elements of the required response may also be lacking. 40 points out of 50:  The essay illustrates solid understanding of the relevant material by correctly addressing most of the relevant content; identifying and explaining most of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology; explaining the reasoning behind most of the key points/claims; and/or where necessary or useful, substantiating some points with accurate examples.  The answer is complete. 50 points:  The essay illustrates exemplary understanding of the relevant material by thoroughly and correctly addressing the relevant content; identifying and explaining all of the key concepts/ideas; using correct terminology explaining the reasoning behind key points/claims and substantiating, as necessary/useful, points with several accurate and illuminating examples.  No aspects of the required answer are missing. Use of Sources (worth a maximum of 20% of the total points). Zero points:  Student failed to include citations and/or references. Or the student failed to submit a final paper. 5 out 20 points:  Sources are seldom cited to support statements and/or format of citations are not recognizable as APA 6th Edition format. There are major errors in the formation of the references and citations. And/or there is a major reliance on highly questionable. The Student fails to provide an adequate synthesis of research collected for the paper. 10 out 20 points:  References to scholarly sources are occasionally given; many statements seem unsubstantiated.  Frequent errors in APA 6th Edition format, leaving the reader confused about the source of the information. There are significant errors of the formation in the references and citations. And/or there is a significant use of highly questionable sources. 15 out 20 points:  Credible Scholarly sources are used effectively support claims and are, for the most part, clear and fairly represented.  APA 6th Edition is used with only a few minor errors.  There are minor errors in reference and/or citations. And/or there is some use of questionable sources. 20 points:  Credible scholarly sources are used to give compelling evidence to support claims and are clearly and fairly represented.  APA 6th Edition format is used accurately and consistently. The student uses above the maximum required references in the development of the assignment. Grammar (worth maximum of 20% of total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 5 points out of 20:  The paper does not communicate ideas/points clearly due to inappropriate use of terminology and vague language; thoughts and sentences are disjointed or incomprehensible; organization lacking; and/or numerous grammatical, spelling/punctuation errors  10 points out 20:  The paper is often unclear and difficult to follow due to some inappropriate terminology and/or vague language; ideas may be fragmented, wandering and/or repetitive; poor organization; and/or some grammatical, spelling, punctuation errors 15 points out of 20:  The paper is mostly clear as a result of appropriate use of terminology and minimal vagueness; no tangents and no repetition; fairly good organization; almost perfect grammar, spelling, punctuation, and word usage. 20 points:  The paper is clear, concise, and a pleasure to read as a result of appropriate and precise use of terminology; total coherence of thoughts and presentation and logical organization; and the essay is error free. Structure of the Paper (worth 10% of total points) Zero points:  Student failed to submit the final paper. 3 points out of 10: Student needs to develop better formatting skills. The paper omits significant structural elements required for and APA 6th edition paper. Formatting of the paper has major flaws. The paper does not conform to APA 6th edition requirements whatsoever. 5 points out of 10: Appearance of final paper demonstrates the student’s limited ability to format the paper. There are significant errors in formatting and/or the total omission of major components of an APA 6th edition paper. They can include the omission of the cover page, abstract, and page numbers. Additionally the page has major formatting issues with spacing or paragraph formation. Font size might not conform to size requirements.  The student also significantly writes too large or too short of and paper 7 points out of 10: Research paper presents an above-average use of formatting skills. The paper has slight errors within the paper. This can include small errors or omissions with the cover page, abstract, page number, and headers. There could be also slight formatting issues with the document spacing or the font Additionally the paper might slightly exceed or undershoot the specific number of required written pages for the assignment. 10 points: Student provides a high-caliber, formatted paper. This includes an APA 6th edition cover page, abstract, page number, headers and is double spaced in 12’ Times Roman Font. Additionally, the paper conforms to the specific number of required written pages and neither goes over or under the specified length of the paper.
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